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This research was funded by Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (PNCAR PE26024).

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November 29, 2021
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Color and Marbling as Predictors of Meat Quality Perception of Argentinian Consumers

Publicated to:Foods. 10 (7): 1465- - 2021-07-01 10(7), DOI: 10.3390/foods10071465

Authors: Testa, Maria Laura; Grigioni, Gabriela; Panea, Begona; Pavan, Enrique

Affiliations

Clemson Univ, Dept Anim & Vet Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA - Author
Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn CONICET, Godoy Cruz 2290,C1425FQB, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina - Author
Ctr Invest & Tecnol Agroalimentaria Aragon CITA, Unidad Prod & Sanidad Anim, Ave Montanana 930, Zaragoza 50059, Spain - Author
Inst Nacl Tecnol Agr, Ave Rivadavia 1439,C1033AAE, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina - Author
Univ Nacl Mar del Plata, Fac Ciencias Agr, Ruta Nacl 226 Km 73-5,Cc 276, RA-7620 Balcarce, Argentina - Author
Univ Zaragoza, CITA, Inst Agroalimentario Aragon IA2, Avda Montanana 930, Zaragoza 50059, Spain - Author
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Abstract

In Argentina, color and intramuscular fat are the main attributes of raw beef quality; however, it is necessary to clarify how consumers use them, in order to establish different marketing strategies. Consumer preferences are affected by multiple factors. Thus, the objective of the present study was to identify the Argentinian consumer's choice behavior regarding beef color and fat content. An online survey was carried out in Argentina. It inquired about socio-demographic characteristics, purchase and consumption habits and beliefs, showing pictures related to color, marbling and the amount of fat. Choice behavior was evaluated by asking why consumers chose a particular picture out of the ones shown. Several Kruskal-Wallis tests evaluated the different hypotheses. Three different decision trees using the CHAID analysis method were created. Multifactorial analysis was carried out for clustering consumers. Regarding consumer beliefs, 90% of the respondents agreed with the sentence, "The two main characteristics defining beef quality at purchase time are meat color and marbling". Socio-demographic characteristics affected purchase habits and beliefs; they also affected perceptions about meat color and marbling. It was possible to build three consumer groups for future marketing strategies: "hedonic" focused on a pleasing sensory experience, "appearance" prioritized the visual aspects, and the "health-conscious" consumers were interested in their healthy nutrition.

Keywords

beefcolorconsumer preferences in argentinaAnimal-welfareAppearanceAttitudesBeefChoiceColorConsumer preferences in argentinaCuesGenderImpactMarblingPreferencesSpanish

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Foods due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2021, it was in position 35/144, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Food Science & Technology.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 1.8. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 14, 2024)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 2.1 (source consulted: FECYT Feb 2024)
  • Field Citation Ratio (FCR) from Dimensions: 10.83 (source consulted: Dimensions Jul 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-07-05, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 33
  • Scopus: 37
  • Europe PMC: 9

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-05:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 44 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

    It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

    • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
    • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: http://hdl.handle.net/10532/5481

    Leadership analysis of institutional authors

    This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Argentina; United States of America.