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Impact on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Analysis of institutional authors

Baila C.AuthorJoy M.AuthorBertolín JrAuthorBlanco MAuthorCasasús IAuthorLobon, SCorresponding Author

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June 16, 2024
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Article

Effect of sainfoin proanthocyanidins on milk fatty acids from ewes rearing suckling lambs

Publicated to: Animal. 17 (6): 100862- - 2023-06-06 17(6), DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100862

Authors:

Baila, C; Joy, M; Bertolin, J R; Blanco, M; Casasus, I; Lobon, S
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Affiliations

Ciencia Animal. Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón - Author
Ctr Invest & Tecnol Agroalimentaria Aragon CITA, Dept Ciencia Anim, Avda Montanana 930, Zaragoza 50059, Spain - Author
Grupo de investigación INPASS: Investigación en Producción Agroganadera Sostenible y Saludable. Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón - Author
Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2). Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón - Author
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Abstract

Proanthocyanidins (PAC) can modulate the fatty acid (FA) profile of animal products and make them healthier for human consumption, but their effects are highly variable depending on several factors such as PAC chemical structure or dose. The present experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of PAC on the milk FA profile of Rasa Aragonesa ewes fed fresh sainfoin (PAC-containing forage legume) during the rear-ing period of suckling lambs (4 weeks postlambing). Twenty lactating ewes rearing a single male lamb were fed fresh sainfoin ad libitum plus 200 g/d of barley. Half the ewes were orally dosed with 100 mL of water (Sainfoin Group; n = 10) and the other half with polyethylene glycol (50 g PEG4000/100 mL water, Sainfoin + PEG Group; n = 10) to block PAC effects. Sainfoin and milk samples were collected weekly to determine their FA profile by gas chromatography. Fresh sainfoin contents of C18:3n-3 decreased from week 1 to week 2, C16:0 and C18:0 increased from week 1 to week 3, and C18:2n-6 did not change. Regarding milk FA, there were minor effects of PAC on milk-saturated FA. During the whole study, the presence of PAC increased C18:0, C18:2n-6, C18:3n-3 and total polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) n-6 and n-3, and decreased C18:1 t11, branched-and odd-chain FA. However, the decrease of milk concentrations of trans-monounsaturated FA, C18:1 t10, and total conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and the increase of total PUFA due to the presence of PAC occurred only in week 1, while CLA c9,t11 was lower during weeks 1 and 2. The canonical analyses confirmed the differences between treatments in the FA profile of milk. Overall, the use of fresh sainfoin in the diet of lactating ewes resulted in a ben-eficial modification of the concentration of several milk FAs, suggesting some changes in ruminal biohydrogenation.Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Animal Consortium. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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Keywords

Animal feedAnimalsClean water and sanitationCondensed tanninsDietDietary supplementsDigestaEmphasisFatty acidsFatty acids, unsaturatedFemaleForageForagesHumansLactationLinoleic acids, conjugatedLipid metabolismMaleMeatMilkOnobrychis viciifoliaPolyethylene glycoPolyethylene glycolProanthocyanidinsResponsesSheepSheep, domesticTran

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Animal due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2023, it was in position 4/80, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science. Notably, the journal is positioned above the 90th percentile.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 1.36. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 13, 2025)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 1.94 (source consulted: FECYT Mar 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2026-04-06, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 4
  • Scopus: 6
  • Europe PMC: 4
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-06:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 16 (PlumX).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
Continuing with the social impact of the work, it is important to emphasize that, due to its content, it can be assigned to the area of interest of ODS 6 - Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all, with a probability of 41% according to the mBERT algorithm developed by Aurora University.
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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Baila Bigne, Claudia) and Last Author (Lobón Ascaso, Sandra).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been Lobón Ascaso, Sandra.

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Project objectives

La aportación persigue los siguientes objetivos: analizar el efecto de los proantocianidinas (PAC) del sainfoin fresco en el perfil de ácidos grasos (FA) de la leche de ovejas Rasa Aragonesa durante el período de lactancia de corderos lactantes; evaluar las variaciones en la concentración de diferentes FA saturados y poliinsaturados en la leche debido a la presencia de PAC; determinar el impacto temporal de los PAC en ácidos grasos específicos como C18:0, C18:2n-6, C18:3n-3, ácidos grasos trans y conjugados; caracterizar las modificaciones en la biohidrogenación ruminal mediante análisis canónicos; y cuantificar las diferencias en el perfil lipídico entre ovejas tratadas con PAC y aquellas con bloqueo de sus efectos mediante polietilenglicol.
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Most relevant results

El estudio evaluó el efecto de los proantocianidinas (PAC) del esparceta fresca en el perfil de ácidos grasos (AG) de la leche de ovejas Rasa Aragonesa durante 4 semanas post-parto. Los resultados más relevantes fueron: 1) el contenido de C18:3n-3 en esparceta disminuyó de la semana 1 a la 2, mientras que C16:0 y C18:0 aumentaron hasta la semana 3; 2) la presencia de PAC incrementó C18:0, C18:2n-6, C18:3n-3 y los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados totales n-6 y n-3 en la leche; 3) PAC redujo C18:1 t11, ácidos grasos ramificados e impares; 4) la disminución de ácidos grasos trans monoinsaturados, C18:1 t10 y CLA total por PAC ocurrió solo en la semana 1, mientras que
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Awards linked to the item

This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, the European Union Regional Development Funds (INIA RTA2017-00080-C02) and the Research Group Funds of the Aragon Government (A14_20R). C. Baila's contract is supported by a doctoral grant from the AEI (PRE2018-086670) .
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