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Evolución de las prácticas agronómicas en cereal de invierno en secano desde 1970 en Aragón (España): implicación en el manejo de las malas hierbas

Publicado en:Itea-Informacion Tecnica Economica Agraria. 121 (2): 114 - 135 - 2025-01-30 121(2), DOI: 10.12706/itea.2025.001

Autores: Alicia Cirujeda Ranzenberger; Gabriel Pardo Sanclemente; Joaquín Aibar Lete

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Winter cereal in rainfed conditions occupies an important area in Spain and also in Arag & oacute;n and has experienced significant changes concerning management and social aspects. In this work the opinions of 38 technicians and farmers of 21 districts are described after filling in questionnaires about the main crops, type of tillage, herbicide use, main weed species, sowing periods, etc. in three periods: years 1970-86 (since the inclusion of Spain in the CEE and the start of the influence of the Common Agricultural Policies) (period 1), 2005-13 (period 2) and 2021-present (period 3). The results are coincident in most of the districts concerning the following aspects: more diverse crops have been seeded progressively; a reduction in tillage intensity has occurred and herbicides are applied more intensively, in many districts in both pre- and postemergence of the crops. Concerning the most worrisome weeds, the most outstanding is an increase in poaceae, especially of Lolium rigidum Gaud. in many areas showing herbicide-resistant populations at least in 7 districts. Overall, grazing with sheep has also diminished and there has been an increase of the cultivated area per farmer. The irregular rainfall as well as the high temperatures at the end of the cropping cycles will very probably force farmers to carry out new adaptations such as choosing adapted species (e.g. barley) and appropriate varieties to these conditions to capitalize the crops.

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