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June 12, 2026
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Clinically relevant genomic and phenotypic differences in virulence, antimicrobial resistance, and biofilm-associated tolerance between Streptococcus suis lineages ST1 and ST123

Publicated to: VETERINARY RESEARCH. 57 (1): - 2026-06-12, DOI: 10.1186/s13567-026-01782-2

Authors:

Uruén, C., Marín, C. M., González-Vázquez, L. D., Gottschalk, M., Arenas, M., & Arenas, J.
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Abstract

Streptococcus suis es un patógeno relevante en cerdos y humanos, con más de 3000 tipos. En España destacan ST1, global, y ST123, emergente. Este estudio compara ambas líneas, mostrando mayor variabilidad genética en ST123. Comparten un 61% del genoma, pero poseen genes específicos asociados a metabolismo y virulencia. Ambas causan infección sistémica, aunque difieren en persistencia tisular. ST123 presenta menor supervivencia intracelular, pero mayor capacidad para formar biofilms, tolerar antibióticos y adquirir resistencia. Estas características podrían explicar su expansión en España y Europa, evidenciada ya por su detección reciente en Italia y en sistemas porcinos intensivos actuales.
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Keywords

Biofilmes (microbiología)CerdoGenómicaResistencia a los antimicrobianosStreptococcus suisVirulencia

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal VETERINARY RESEARCH due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2026, it was in position 11/171, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Veterinary Sciences. Notably, the journal is positioned above the 90th percentile.

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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-11-15:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 1.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 1 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 1.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 1 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

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