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This research was supported by fellowship Ibercaja-CAI Estancias de Investigacion number CM 11/22 as well as by Fondo Europeo Agricola de Desarrollo Rural 2014-2022 (FEADER) in Aragon (Spain) (project "Organizacion, valorizacion y promocion de la Trufa Negra de Aragon"). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union under "Horizon 2020-the Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (2014-2020). Grant Agreement of the Project "Innovation in truffle cultivation, preservation, processing, and wild truffle resources management", INTACT, Project number 101007623". The project "Food Profiling-Development of analytical tools for the experimental verification of the origin and identity of food" (Funding reference number: 2816500914) is supported by means of the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) by a decision of the German Bundestag (parliament). Project support is provided by the Federal Institute for Agriculture and Food (BLE) within the scope of the program for promoting innovation. E.T.-C. has received the grant JDC2022-048252-I funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and "European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR".

Analysis of institutional authors

Tejedor-Calvo, EvaCorresponding AuthorMarco, PedroAuthor

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February 11, 2025
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Mass Spectrometry-Based Non-Targeted Lipidome Analysis and Extraction of Markers for the Authentication of White and Black Truffle Species and Their Origin Determination

Publicated to:Agriculture-Basel . 14 (12): 2350- - 2024-12-01 14(12), DOI: 10.3390/agriculture14122350

Authors: Tejedor-Calvo, Eva; Marco, Pedro; Fischer, Markus; Creydt, Marina

Affiliations

CITA Zaragoza Univ, Agrifood Inst Aragon IA2, Agrifood Res & Technol Ctr Aragon CITA, Dept Plant Sci, Ave Montanana 930, Zaragoza 50059, Spain - Author
Univ Hamburg, Inst Food Chem, Hamburg Sch Food Sci, Grindelallee 117, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany - Author
Univ Zaragoza, Fac Sci, Dept Analyt Chem, Lab Aroma Anal & Enol, Zaragoza 50009, Spain - Author

Abstract

The visual authentication of high-value truffles (Tuber magnatum and Tuber melanosporum) is challenging, as they share similar morphological characteristics with other truffle species that have a lower economic value. This similarity complicates accurate identification and increases the risk of substitution or mislabeling, which can affect both market prices and consumer trust. For this reason, the aim of this study was to apply a non-targeted lipidomic approach using ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry to distinguish between white (T. magnatum, Tuber borchii, and Tuber oligospermum) and black truffle species (T. melanosprum, T. aestivum, T. aestivum var. uncinatum, T. brumale, and T. indicum) and to determine the different geographical origins of the two most valuable truffle species (T. melanosporum and T. magnatum). Among several hundred features, 37 and 57 lipids were identified as marker compounds to distinguish white and black truffle species using MS/MS spectra and collision cross section (CCS) values, respectively. Only a few marker compounds were necessary to recognize the differences between white and black truffles. In particular, ceramides, glycerolipids, and phospholipids proved to be particularly suitable for separating the species. In addition, different metabolite profiles were determined for T. melanosporum and T. magnatum depending on their geographical origin. These findings lay the groundwork for a comprehensive quality control framework for fresh truffles, ensuring authenticity, detecting adulteration, and preserving their premium status.

Keywords

CeramideEspectrometría de masasFood frauFraude alimentarioGeographical originLípidosLipidsMass spectrometryMetabolismOmicsProcedenciaStructural identificationTrufflesTuber

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Agriculture-Basel due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2024 there are still no calculated indicators, but in 2023, it was in position 19/129, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Agronomy.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2025-08-06:

  • WoS: 1
  • Scopus: 1

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-08-06:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 5 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

    It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

    • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
    • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: http://hdl.handle.net/10532/7443

    Leadership analysis of institutional authors

    This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Germany.

    There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Tejedor Calvo, Eva) .

    the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been Tejedor Calvo, Eva.